Saturday, June 20, 2015

BREAST CANCER RESEARCH RIGHT NOW! #34: Urine Test May Detect Early Signs of Breast Cancer!


http://www.bio.davidson.edu/genomics/2006/martens/microarray.jpg
From the first moment my wife discovered she had breast cancer, there was a deafening silence from the men I know. Even ones whose wives, mothers or girlfriends had breast cancer seemed to have received a gag order from some Central Cancer Command and did little more than mumble about the experience. Not one to shut up for any known reason, I started this blog…

Every month, I’ll be highlighting breast cancer research that is going on RIGHT NOW! Harvested from different websites, journals and podcasts, I’ll translate them into understandable English and share them with you. Today: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2407/15/193

In Germany, a team of doctors at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center (Freiburg) have applied for a patent for a method they discovered for simplifying the detection of breast cancer in a urine sample.

With half a million women dying from breast cancer world-wide, the effectiveness of early intervention and treatment, and “Up to now, doctors have made the diagnosis by mammography or ultrasound and confirmed it with tissue samples...methods [that] have been subject to recurring criticism due to radiation exposure, erroneous results, and the fact that they involve an invasive intervention,” the possibility of reaching more women, faster, and cheaper is very much a “golden ring” in breast cancer research.

While the test was small (24 women without breast cancer, and 24 women with stage 1, 2, or 3 breast cancer), the test was able to correctly determine whether or not breast cancer was present 91% of the time. Further testing is being planned even as I write this.

How does it find evidence of breast cancer?

By highlighting certain parts of a cell called “microRNA”. What’s that? In this case, “micro” refers to how small the piece of RNA is – 20 bits (or nucleotides) long. Not visible under a regular  microscope, for sure. But visible to tests designed to highlight them, absolutely. What’s RNA?

Most people know that DNA is the stuff in a cell that makes us who we are. My DNA coded for me being a Guy, blonde hair, blue eyes, and about six feet tall – as well as all sorts of other stuff.

When my cells split, especially while I was growing, a piece of RNA was made from the DNA of my cells. Then the RNA kicked in, helping in the process of making a protein. Proteins then transfer messages to cells – in the case of cancer, it directs the cell to grow without stopping. (If you’re REALLY interested in this, start with this article, then go to the Science Daily one, and then to the BioMedCentral Journal article.)

This microRNA then is floating around in the blood. It turns out that four of those kinds of microRNA are specific to breast cancer. It’s these bits that this new test has been able to identify.

Please note, this has only been successful in ONE trial. The methodology has to be developed into a real tool that ANYONE can use – in particular, the possibility of it being used in developing countries and that it does not require invading the body more than necessary is particularly hopeful!

But we HAVE TO WAIT!

With great hope.


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