Guy's Gotta Talk About Diabetes, Breast cancer, and Alzheimer's

Sunday, September 17, 2023

GUY’S GOTTA TALK ABOUT…TYPE 2 DIABETES #14: Just MOVING Helps…

For the first time since I started this blog eleven years ago, it’s going to be about me. I was diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes two weeks ago. While people are happy to talk about their experiences with diabetes, I WASN’T comfortable with talking about diabetes. My wife is Type 2, as are several friends of ours. The “other Type” of diabetes was what caused the death of my Best Man a year after my wife and I got married. He was diagnosed with diabetes when he was a kid. It was called Juvenile Diabetes then. Today it’s Type 1. Since then, I haven’t WANTED to talk about diabetes at all. But…for my own education and maybe helping someone else, and not one to shut up for any known reason, I’m reopening my blog rather than starting a new one. I MAY take a pause and write about Breast Cancer or Alzheimer’s as medical headlines dictate; but this time I’m going to drag anyone along who wants to join my HIGHLY RELUCTANT journey toward better understanding of my life with Type 2 Diabetes. You’re Welcome to join me!

I remember a really, really old joke that as a kid, I used without thinking: “Yo mama's so fat, when she sits around the house, she SITS AROUND the house!”

The phrase and ones like it have a fascinating history – I’m a word-geek, so I liked this.
Anyway, it got me to thinking about the weight I’ve gained since I was a teenager. At my physically mature adult, the LIGHTEST I’ve ever been was when I returned from West Africa. Admittedly, I’d had malaria at one point, and the number of snacks and cookies and candy bars and popcorn and…well all the rest – was severely limited by, um…NOT EVEN BEING THERE. When I returned, I weighed in at 150 pounds.

At the beginning of the Summer of 2023, I almost crushed the scale at 260 pounds. I was, quite literally approaching "laying AROUND" the house!

Today, I weigh 244.2 pounds.

How did I do it? Did I drink Kombucha Fermented Tea Drink? I DID drink a 16-ounce bottle last week in two glugs. But, no. I’d lost the weight before then.

Did I join Weight Watchers, Nutrisystem, Livea, Noom, Optavia, Mediterranean Diet, Atkins, Whole30, New Mayo Clinic Diet, GOLO Diet, My Fitness Pal, LoseIt!, FatSecret, Fooducate, Strides, PlateJoy, Fitbit, Cronometer?

Nope. I HAVE done Weight Watchers and use their meal tracker right now; I was part of a Nutrisystem study designed to entice men into the program; I use several Atkins products (most notably their bars; and that’s about it. I started using Strava two years ago – I love biking, and for free, it tracks my route, how many miles I’ve ridden and how much time I’ve spent on my bike each week, for the past year, and total back to when I started biking. (My longest ride was 14 miles. My current average weekly mileage is 24 miles; my average number of rides/week is five. Since early spring (March 27), I’ve gone out riding 76 times, for a total of 47 hours and 27 minutes; and I’ve gone 398 miles!

All of the above is NOT to toot any horn I might have. My intent is to encourage you to move in the way you love most: walk, swim, bike, dance, yoga, ANYTHING THAT GETS YOU MOVING. Then figure out what a good pace is for you. For the first year, I rode every other day, once around the Lake (4.09 miles).

Later, that got boring, so I discovered four rides that were LONGER than four miles – 7.65 (Old Farm); 9.04 (Golf Course); 5.14 (Library) and 8.66 miles (River). I’d ride the Lake one day; skip a day, then one of the other four. Skip a day, a different one of the other four. This Spring, I found THAT was boring – this past summer, I rode the Lake, the next day I rode one of the Four; skipped a day, then did Lake, different one of the Four. I’m doing around 20 miles a week!

It's made a difference in my A1c as well: January 23 = 7.6; April 23 = 7.1; June 23 = 6.7…

So, my secret is to find something that gets you moving AND you love. Add together, repeat.

I don’t offer a Money-Back-Guarantee; but I CAN offer hope. I don’t offer a Program, but I’m offering a suggestion and the possibility that you CAN do it yourself! (Oh, BTW, my wife and I occasionally have a Dairy Queen treat! Based on my Weight Watcher tracker, ONE medium Peanut Buster Parfait hits me with 38 points! That’s ALL of my daily Points!

But, what-the-heck. Once or twice a month? I’m not beating myself up. I’m Human. And I’M slowly gaining control over my Type 2 diabetes. Wanna join me?

Source: https://www.forbes.com/health/body/best-weight-loss-program/; https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/best-weight-loss-apps; https://www.strava.com/get-started?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=RSR_B_SR_AllUser_US&utm_term=strava%20app%20running&utm_content=Brand_Running&gclid=CjwKCAjwjOunBhB4EiwA94JWsF16_TZQzNj_PLwpzbtVxjn9_zc1CioOgsDmIhxUoMm6eXyQoNjI0BoCHv4QAvD_BwE (Stick with the Free stuff. That’s all you really need – or go crazy! There’s plenty of crazy stuff there to pay for!)
Image: https://www.hcd.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/living-well-with-diabetes.jpg

Sunday, September 3, 2023

DIABETES RESEARCH RIGHT NOW! #9: “RADICAL” New Approach?????

Think about it, I KNOW A Dairy Queen Peanut Buster Parfait® is NOT good for me; I know it will have a negative impact on my blood sugars the following morning. It’s not good for Olympic athletes, either. It’s not even particularly good for your average teenager But, does that matter?

Nah! I go ahead and get one anyway and hope my Type 2 Diabetes won’t notice it. Which is, for me, RIDICULOUS! I have a BS in Biology, I was a science teacher for 41 years, I also have an MS in School Counseling. I ain’t stoopid! But I AM when it comes to my Type 2 diagnosis.

Reading the first article explains not some kind of RADICAL new program. It outlines what I SHOULD have been doing all along. Possibly what we ALL should be doing anyway in today’s Fast-Food Nation: eating right. Simply put, this “radical new program” just received a $3.5 million dollar grant to do a large STUDY of “Glucose Everyday Matters, or GEM – aims to prevent blood sugar spikes via educated food and drink selection. This is coupled with physical activity to hasten recovery when blood-sugar spikes do occur. So someone might indulge in a piece of fruit or a small, sweet treat, knowing how it will affect them, and then go for an evening stroll to help even out their blood sugar.”

We all know how to eat right and of course exercise. I can do it myself. People all over the world eat right and exercise. Those people have normal blood glucose levels. They don’t need to take Metformin or Glipizide, Insulin, Ozempic, or any of the other drugs that are being coopted by obese people who want an way to get thin AND keep eating at MacDonald’s for four-square meals a day (“But I get a diet Coke with my double Big Mac Attack Burger!”) [PS – I AM an Obese People who wants a way to get thin and keep eating…].

BUT all that advertising is so…motivational! Even the weight loss clinics, and the fad diet foods (I KNOW of what I speak! I use Atkins food products; so if I sound disparaging, I’m SELF-disparaging!) It makes is sound easy.

When we try them, we discover much to our horror that they DON’T WORK. The way to lower my glucose levels and my A1c is by eating right and exercising.

That’s what this RADICAL program is supposed to test: to see if “GEM [Glycemic Excursion Minimization] was self-administered, [and] with the aid of a 4-chapter pocket guide…diary, automated motivational text messaging, and feedback from an activity monitor, as well as a Constant Glucose Monitor [CGM](an in-arm needle/sensor device that is read by the participant’s cell phone at any time), supplies for the 6-week intervention and the 3-month follow-up. Test subjects were instructed in the use of all technology.”

Anyone who is NOT in the program can ALSO do this. In fact…well, I have some opinions about the $3.5 Million that this program was granted to experiment with…I will try very, very hard not to judge. But this is something that I have managed to do myself. I DO take Metformin twice daily and finger prick to take my blood glucose levels. My wife and I encourage each other…and a simple English translation of “Glycemic Minimization Excursion” might be “how quickly foods affect blood sugar” + “the reduction of something you don’t want” + “a short journey or trip”…so this GEM program might more simply be named: “a trip to get rid of bad foods that hike your blood sugar”.

I’m pretty sure that anyone can do this – without a cash incentive, along with a little help from our friends/spouses/family members (we DO have to ask) and a bit of effort to reduce the number of those Dairy Queen Peanut Buster Parfait®s from three a week to only one a week…and if THAT AIN'T a Radical New Approach, I don't know what is!

Links: https://newsroom.uvahealth.com/2023/08/31/radical-new-approach-to-managing-type-2-diabetes-receives-3-5-million/, (The ACTUAL study with data, charts, and methodology) https://diabetes.jmir.org/2022/1/e34465
Image: https://asploro.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Diabetes-Research_Open-Access.jpg

Sunday, August 20, 2023

GUY’S GOTTA TALK ABOUT…DIABETES #13: Drinking Kombucha Tea MAY Reduce Blood Sugar Levels!

For the first times since I started this blog eleven years ago, it’s going to be about me. I was diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes two weeks ago. While people are happy to talk about their experiences with diabetes, I WASN’T comfortable with talking about diabetes. My wife is Type 2, as are several friends of ours. The “other Type” of diabetes was what caused the death of my Best Man a year after my wife and I got married. He was diagnosed with diabetes when he was a kid. It was called Juvenile Diabetes then. Today it’s Type 1. Since then, I haven’t WANTED to talk about diabetes at all. But…for my own education and maybe helping someone else, and not one to shut up for any known reason, I’m reopening my blog rather than starting a new one. I MAY take a pause and write about Breast Cancer or Alzheimer’s as medical headlines dictate; but this time I’m going to drag anyone along who wants to join my HIGHLY RELUCTANT journey toward better understanding of my life with Type 2 Diabetes. You’re Welcome to join me!

August 1, 2023 saw this statement in the research journal, FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION: “People with type-II diabetes who drank the fermented tea drink kombucha for four weeks had lower fasting blood glucose levels compared to when they consumed a similar-tasting placebo beverage, according to results from a clinical trial conducted by researchers at Georgetown University's School of Health, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and MedStar Health. This finding, from a pilot 12-person feasibility trial, points to the potential for a dietary intervention that could help lower blood sugar levels in people with diabetes and also establishes the basis for a larger trial to confirm and expand upon these results.”

Now, before you run out or do an internet search for your nearest Kombucha supplier, note the sentence: “This finding, [is] from a pilot 12-person feasibility trial”.

What THAT means is that someone had the idea that drinking Kombucha might be a good way to reduce blood sugars in people with Type 2 diabetes. So they gathered a dozen people, made sure they drank Kombucha for four weeks – about eight ounces a day (your average diet Pepsi, Cherry Coke, Mountain Dew, Bubly flavored, carbonated water, and any other standard aluminum can of soda is TWELVE ounces of liquid.)

The study went like this: “one group of people [drank] about eight ounces of kombucha or placebo beverage daily for four weeks and then after a two-month period to 'wash out' the biological effects of the beverages, the kombucha and placebo were swapped between groups with another four weeks of drinking the beverages. Neither group was told which drink they were receiving at the time.”

The result was what you read above – six of the twelve people had a significant change in their blood sugars over the period of the test. What is significant? If you test your blood sugars daily as I do now, you know that the “ideal” number on your glucose monitor should be between 70 and 130.

During this test, the group that was drinking the Kombucha tea, 8 ounces every day for the four week study, saw their glucose monitor numbers go from 164 down to 116! Mine this morning was 184.

So…what do YOU suppose I’m going to do?

Well, keep taking my Metformin for one thing. Then it looks like (according to the site that provided the photo, who ranked each of the types of Kombucha drinks, did so based on multiple factors. They also showed how to get hold of the drink, so next time we’re at Target, I’m gonna pick me up some Kombucha bottles and see what all the excitement’s about…

On the other hand, I’m not going to just “drink the Kool-Aid so-to-speak! I’d also like to find out if there’s a LONG-TERM effect, in other words, is there an effect on the subject’s A1c – which we all know is an indicator of long-term changes in the individual’s blood sugar. I already keep track DAILY of my own blood pressure, weight, blood glucose, and one of three: steps, miles biked, or amount of yardwork/snow shoveling. I’ve got a pretty good baseline here (in case you were wondering, I was a science teacher for 41 years; and I continue to teach a science-based class for two or three weeks in the summer called Alien Worlds because I’m both a science fiction writer and I want young people to know that George Lucas created STAR WARS “aliens” by snapping his fingers and saying, “O! wouldn’t it be cool if we had an alien who looked like an easily sympathizable alien who looks like a humanoid Briard (a dog breed) – what did Leia call Chewbacca that one time? Oh, yeah: “Would someone get this walking carpet out of my way?”…(and if you want to learn more about THAT part of me, you can visit my other blogsite, POSSIBLY IRRITATING ESSAYS at https://faithandsciencefiction.blogspot.com/)

Source:

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/08/230801105026.htm#google_vignette

THE ACTUAL STUDY (very…sciencey, just so you know!): https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1190248/full
Image: https://sporked.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/RANKING_KOMBUCHA_HEADER-UPDATE.jpg,
https://www.hcd.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/living-well-with-diabetes.jpg

Sunday, August 13, 2023

DIABETES RESEARCH RIGHT NOW! #8: Insulin Icodec – Findings Could Move GAME-CHANGING New Drug To Approval By FDA!

From the first moment I discovered I had been diagnosed with DIABETES, I joined a HUGE “club” that has been rapidly expanding since it stopped being a death sentence in the early 20th Century. Currently, there are about HALF A BILLION PEOPLE who have Type 2 Diabetes. For the past 3500 years – dating back to Ancient Egypt – people have suffered from diabetes. Well, I’m one of them now… Not one to shut up for any known reason, I added a section to this blog…

Every month, I’ll be highlighting Diabetes research that is going on RIGHT NOW! Harvested from different websites, journals and podcasts, I’ll translate them into understandable English and share them with you. Today: STARTING with a 2014 article, “Diabetes – Will it Ever be cured?”; I check up on the various therapies mentioned…This week: Icodec (https://www.utsouthwestern.edu/newsroom/articles/year-2023/july-weekly-insulin-found-safe.html#:~:text=DALLAS%20%E2%80%93%20July%2012%2C%202023%20%E2%80%93,a%20UT%20Southwestern%20Medical%20Center)

In a study published on June 20, 2023 at the Journal of American Medical Association’s website. (The abstract is here: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2806635), doctor Ildiko Lingvay (M.D., M.P.H., M.S.C.S., Professor of Internal Medicine in the Peter O'Donnell Jr. School of Public Health at UT Southwestern) reports the unsurprising fact that more than 37 million Americans are diabetic; but 90%-95% of them have Type 2 diabetes. What means that the body does not respond normally to insulin, causing blood sugar (glucose) to become abnormally high. These levels can lead to long-term complications including heart disease, nerve damage, vision loss, and lower-extremity amputations.

One third of those with Type 2 diabetes require insulin injections to keep their blood sugar within a healthy range. Many of those however, basically refuse to do the injections because of the pain, inconvenience, and the perceived stigma of this treatment. They made a study of an alternative type of the standard insulin delivered in DAILY does – one that only had to be injected ONCE A WEEK!

These once-a-week insulin shots could simplify the future of diabetes treatment, but HOLD ON THERE, BABA LOUIE! Taking a fancy pants shot won’t be all…doctors will instead begin to focus on weight loss! I know! I know! No fancy shot to magically cure our Type 2 diabetes AND melt away that pesky fat so we can go ahead and get back to work, ignoring what we eat and consuming fat, sugar, and whatever ELSE we want to shovel into our mouths without a thought or regret in the world!

We’ve already gotten into deep, deep trouble in that medication created to help Type 2 diabetics live with their condition has been coopted by the immense (number of) people who passionately remember 24-inch waistlines and close their eyes to the 54-inch waistline of their present, bloated self and beg their doctors for The Shot that will melt away the pounds and let them eat whatever the heck they WANT TO without consequence.

There is already a shortage because medications like Ozempic (https://breastcancerreaper.blogspot.com/2023/03/diabetes-research-right-now-3-most.html) are being funneled to a market they were never intended for (or, as my grandchildren like to intone: “Or was it???”)

Back to the end of the study comparing patients who used the usual daily version of insulin called degludec, with the NEW weekly version of insulin called icodec, they noted that “The primary endpoint of the study was a change in a blood measure of longitudinal glucose control, or the patient’s A1C. After 26 weeks of treatment and five weeks of follow-up, patients on weekly icodec had significantly larger improvements in their A1C than those using degludec daily.”

“Both groups had an extremely low rate of adverse events, suggesting that both forms of insulin are safe. Although the patients who received icodec had a slightly higher risk of low-blood sugar events, none of the events were severe enough to require emergency medical attention. The end result appears to be that “patients on icodec stayed in a healthy blood sugar range noticeably more often than patients on degludec…[these] results suggest insulin icodec could be a significant innovation for patients with Type 2 diabetes if it is approved for clinical use. FDA evaluation is the next step.”

NOTE: YOU CAN’T GO ASK FOR THE NEW WEEKLY INSULIN SHOT YET!!!!! It needs to be approved FIRST for clinical use; THEN the FDA has to evaluate it! That means…like years until we even see icodec (with whatever catchy name the FDA and the drug companies decide to advertise it as – maybe something like Weekulin brand weekly Type 2 insulin blood glucose control or SugEven or

Links: (embedded above)
Image: https://asploro.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Diabetes-Research_Open-Access.jpg

Sunday, July 30, 2023

GUY’S GOTTA TALK ABOUT…DIABETES #12: "I Didn't Think It WOULD Make My Blood Glucose Go UP…"

For the first times since I started this column eleven years ago, it’s going to be about me. I was diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes two weeks ago. While people are happy to talk about their experiences with diabetes, I WASN’T comfortable with talking about diabetes. My wife is Type 2, as are several friends of ours. The “other Type” of diabetes was what caused the death of my Best Man a year after my wife and I got married. He was diagnosed with diabetes when he was a kid. It was called Juvenile Diabetes then. Today it’s Type 1. Since then, I haven’t WANTED to talk about diabetes at all. But…for my own education and maybe helping someone else, and not one to shut up for any known reason, I’m reopening my blog rather than starting a new one. I MAY take a pause and write about Breast Cancer or Alzheimer’s as medical headlines dictate; but this time I’m going to drag anyone along who wants to join my HIGHLY RELUCTANT journey toward better understanding of my life with Type 2 Diabetes. You’re Welcome to join me!

When I started this whole Type 2 Diabetes adventure, I simply assumed that I could never touch sucrose (table sugar and the stuff that makes donuts and frosted cupcakes TASTE so amazing) for the rest of my life.

In fact, I thought that until a couple of days ago, my wife (who is also diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes), said to me, “I had potato chips last night – why are my blood sugars sky high?” (Or something to that effect…I’m 66 now! I can hardly remember the names of my three grandkids!)

I started wondering and after a recent Peanut Buster Parfait from Dairy Queen gave me a blood glucose the next morning of 158 (usually my morning glucose levels are around 170) and my most recent morning glucose was 179 with no obvious sugar bump in sight, I thought I’d better do some research.

Jody Stanislaw, ND, in her article, “The Many Reasons for High and Low Blood Sugars (and why we need a LOT of compassion for ourselves!)” at TCOYD (Taking Control of Your Diabetes) notes, “First of all, all carbs are not created equal. If you eat 30 grams of carbs from pineapple, it will raise blood sugar much, much faster than 30 grams of carbs from a low glycemic food, like black beans.”

OK. Cool. But what the heck does that MEAN?

Let’s dig: a cup of pineapple chunks has 16 grams of sugar; a cup of black beans has .28 grams of sugar…yet BOTH can have a detrimental effect on your blood glucose levels!

WTH???? Blood glucose and the foods you eat is an intensely complicated equation and MULIPLE things can have an impact on your glucose numbers!

BUT IN THE LONG RUN IT ALL COMES DOWN TO GLUCOSE! Glucose itself is an incredibly simple molecule (with the fancy pants chemical “formula” for glucose is C6H12O6 (C stands for carbon, H stands for Hydrogen, and O stands for Oxygen – hooked up in a particular way, it makes glucose. The number tell me how many of that atom there are in the sugar or fat or protien.)

While glucose isn’t a molecule you see the formula for, most people have seen H2O and know it’s the symbol for WATER! There are some more complicated sugars as well like sucrose (table sugar): C12H22O11 and fructose (fruit sugar) C6H12O6 – the SAME NUMBERS OF Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen as GLUCOSE!!!! But it’s HOW the atoms are hooked up that make fructose twice as sweet as blood sugar.

Carbs are ALL made up of the same basic piece repeated twice to literally 10,000 times!

What’s black bean protein look like? It’s extremely complicated, which explains why it takes SO LONG to break it down in your blood. Usually you get saponins. Saponins, anthocyanins, flavonols, phenolic acids, and proanthocyanidins. I’ll show you just one: saponin?

Here’s its simplified H2O-kind of formula: C58H94O27. It takes a MUCH longer time for your stomach to break all those atoms up into glucose! The sugar in the fruit (in the form of fructose as well as sucrose) is EASILY available when it hits the blood because it arrives there as ALMOST glucose. The “sugar” in black beans comes from your stomach acid hitting the big carbohydrates and breaking them up into glucose – which takes awhile (it’s called digestion!) until they’ve been cut up until they show up on your blood sugar testing MUCH later.

With beans, you have to deal with FIBER, ‘cause they’re high in fiber.

Again, the formula for FIBER is even longer than the one for saponin but it’s not because its complicated, it’s because it’s a simple molecule that HOOKED TOGETHER INTO LONG STRINGS (you’d call them fibers!)

Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula (C6H10O5 yep, it’s basically a glucose molecule…that can be repeated INFINITELY) that is hooked up to form chains somewhere between of a few hundred to chains that hold over ten thousand glucose molecules. That’s why FIBER makes you feel full and then takes forever to break down into glucose when it can FINALLY be used by your body.

Then there are FATS which usually have slight variations on this molecule: C54H108O6

So, if I look at the bits and pieces of what I eat – if I’m eating sugars, they break down fast and slam into my blood sometimes in MINUTES. Fats take FOREVER to break down ‘cause they’re so big – they won’t slam my blood sugar for hours or maybe even days! If I eat fiber, I feel fuller and the sugars only leak off, having a minimal effect on my blood sugars.

So – my DQ Peanut Buster Parfait is mostly made up of the simpler sugars and takes little time to break down; where potato chips are mostly starch and oils – which take a MUCH LONGER TIME to break down into the glucose that shows up on my glucometer.

My DQ treat shows up early; the bag of chips show up late.

Source: https://tcoyd.org/2022/04/the-many-reasons-for-high-and-low-blood-sugars-and-why-we-need-a-lot-of-compassion-for-ourselves/?utm_source=google_cpc&utm_medium=ad_grant&utm_campaign=awareness&gad=1&gclid=CjwKCAjw8ZKmBhArEiwAspcJ7q9caZmUUmWbdd7o9TODGXdOL8BzGR-M090tEZmjYq5P1-pbxf3s6BoCcG0QAvD_BwE ,
Image: https://www.hcd.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/living-well-with-diabetes.jpg

Sunday, July 16, 2023

DIABETES RESEARCH RIGHT NOW! #7: Will There EVER Be A Real CURE For Type 2?

“In research published in the March 11, 2012, Nature Genetics, the team found that deactivating FOXO1 in progenitor cells in the small intestines of newborn mice resulted in the cells becoming insulin-producing cells. In follow-up research published in the June 30, 2014, Nature Communications, Accili’s team conducted similar experiments in human intestinal cells derived from stem cells. Within seven days of FOXO1 deactivation, the cells began to produce insulin in response to glucose.”

While current research is looking specifically at cancer, “Therefore gaining a deeper understanding of FOXO family regulation, in addition to providing targeting opportunities for the development of novel therapies, may reveal robust FOXO-related pharmacological/prognostic biomarkers to enhance the clinical management and survival prospects of patients.” DE-activating this molecule appears to result in the reduction in cancer growth: “Several studies suggest that genetic variation in the FoxO1 gene is a predisposing factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) or DKD [Diabetic Kidney Disease] in humans, revealing that FoxO1 may be involved in the initiation and development of DKD in patients with T2D, which provides new insight into the etiology of DKD.” (https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.630617/full)

3) “Another team, led by Rohit N. Kulkarni, MD, PhD, principal investigator at Joslin and associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, published a paper in the January 2014, Diabetes in which they identified immune cells in mice that had minimal effects on destroying beta cells in type 1 and instead actually promoted their growth.

“King says that this research could be just as important for type 2 as type 1. “Even if we can’t get rid of the insulin resistance in type 2, we might be able to generate enough beta cells to overcome the insulin resistance and get rid of diabetes,” he says.”

Today, again in reference to Type 1 diabetes: “However, molecular spikes have significantly improved single cell mRNA accounting, adoption of the molecular spike method and further improvements may help address the above issues. As such, genuine SC-β cells will eventually become available as donor cells for establishing curative therapies for people suffering from T1DM in the not too distant future.”

In English? An RNA spike-in is a short bit of RNA of known sequence and quantity used to calibrate measurements in RNA how well this piece has attached to a section of DNA. Then, a specific amount of this RNA spike-in is mixed with an experiment sample. The amount of the RNA that shows up in the DNA is used to tweak the RNA so that the PANCREAS cells will stimulate the growth of NEW cells to replace the ones destroyed and thereby bring insulin production back to normal. (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10173812/, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_spike-in

4) “The gist is that we are trying to indirectly tweak T cells, which will help protect the beta cells from destruction,” Tisch says. “Different cytokines can affect different T cells, so the catch is figuring out which ones are the most effective.”

“Although widespread genetic therapies that could cure diabetes are still years away, such innovative research offers hope for the 382 million people across the globe with diabetes.”

This avenue appears to have started bearing fruit, admittedly in dealing with Type 1 – which is, I remind you, ultimately deadly – which Type 2 is NOT in the short run (If you’re interested, ask about my best man…) “Rather than developing new forms of insulin or insulin delivery, targeting immune modulation, or repurposing existing T2D drugs…The beneficial effects of [these new] drugs appear to effect beta-cells [which make insulin]. Beta cells are found in the pancreas…In type 1 diabetes, the body's immune system mistakenly destroys numbers, function, or survival [of the beta cells].” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10253164/

Again, the trickle down from Type 1 research is certain to reach those of us with Type 2!

Link: https://endocrinenews.endocrine.org/sept-2014-diabetes-will-it-ever-be-cured/,
https://www.healthline.com/health-news/diabetes-the-top-discoveries-and-developments-of-2022
Image: https://asploro.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Diabetes-Research_Open-Access.jpg

Sunday, July 2, 2023

GUY’S GOTTA TALK ABOUT…DIABETES #11: Where’d Type 2 Diabetes Come From?

For the first times since I started this column eleven years ago, it’s going to be about me. I was diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes two weeks ago. While people are happy to talk about their experiences with diabetes, I WASN’T comfortable with talking about diabetes. My wife is Type 2, as are several friends of ours. The “other Type” of diabetes was what caused the death of my Best Man a year after my wife and I got married. He was diagnosed with diabetes when he was a kid. It was called Juvenile Diabetes then. Today it’s Type 1. Since then, I haven’t WANTED to talk about diabetes at all. But…for my own education and maybe helping someone else, and not one to shut up for any known reason, I’m reopening my blog rather than starting a new one. I MAY take a pause and write about Breast Cancer or Alzheimer’s as medical headlines dictate; but this time I’m going to drag anyone along who wants to join my HIGHLY RELUCTANT journey toward better understanding of my life with Type 2 Diabetes. You’re Welcome to join me!

So, I grew up totally ignorant of diabetes.

My family didn’t talk about it. My high school health class didn’t talk about it. My college biology classes didn’t talk about it.

So, when first my wife, then myself were diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes, we were startled…

When did this whole Type 2 diabetes thing start?

Funny you should ask: “A disease characterised by the ‘too great emptying of urine’ finds its place in antiquity through Egyptian manuscripts dating back to 1500 B.C.1 Indian physicians called it madhumeha (‘honey urine’) because it attracted ants. The ancient Indian physician, Sushruta, and the surgeon Charaka (400–500 A.D.) were able to identify the two types, later to be named Type I and Type II diabetes…”

Besides my pee smelling sweet and attracting ants, what ELSE gave it away? (I’m staying away from Type 1 because that’s serious business and the man I asked to be best in my wedding, died a bit over a year later from complications due to his Type 1 (then called juvenile onset) diabetes, leaving a wife with a young child as well as a second child on-the-way…and while no death is pretty, his was pretty hideous…)

Type 2 has an interesting history that is pretty much hand-in-hand with the discovery and treatment of Type 1. “The ancient Roman doctor Galen mentioned diabetes but noted that he had only ever seen two people with it, which suggests that it was relatively rare in those days. By the fifth century C.E., people in India and China had worked out that there was a difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

“They noted that type 2 diabetes was more common in heavy, wealthy people than in other people. At that time, this might have implied that these individuals ate more than other people and were less active. Nowadays, [with] the ready supply of processed food [that] has weakened the association between wealth and eating more…obesity, diet, and a lack of exercise are still risk factors for type 2 diabetes.”

So, it was identified – who figured out what the real problem was? Where did “insulin resistance” come into the picture? Discovered by the British scientist Harold Percival Himsworth, he found that with insulin resistance, a person’s body cells lose their sensitivity to insulin and are not able to take in glucose. ALL cells need to use insulin to work and divide to make new cells. Because of that, the pancreas increases its output of insulin to “force” the cells to take enough glucose to run well. As this continues to happen, it puts stress on the pancreas, damaging it. But, more than seven decades after that discovery, our knowledge of insulin action at whole-body, tissue, cellular, and intracellular levels remain far from complete. We DO know that Type 2 diabetic insulin resistance is involved with polycystic ovary syndrome, a very common hormone problem for women of childbearing age. Causing loss of ovulation, high levels of androgens, and small cysts on the ovaries; missed or irregular menstrual periods, excess hair growth, acne, infertility, and weight gain. ALL people with Type 2 diabetes can experience sleep disturbances, and pathological brain ageing.

So, the Type 2 diabetes is serious, but we CAN deal with it – typically using metformin (a first line response), as well as the dreaded E’s: Eat right and Exercise…

While I love writing, my primary purpose for all three conditions I’ve written on: breast cancer, Alzheimer’s, and Type 2 diabetes – is to teach myself what the HECK is going on around me, and now with Type 2, what’s going on inside of ME.

Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3749019/#b2-squmj1303-368-370; https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/317484#early-science ; https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03488.x
Image: https://www.hcd.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/living-well-with-diabetes.jpg